The Rustic Forebears: Why the Master Preferred the Earlier Masters of Ritual

Confucius said: The earlier masters of ritual were rustics; the later ones are gentlemen. But if I must choose, I follow the earlier.

The men of former times in the matters of ceremonies and music were rustics, it is said, while the men of these latter times, in ceremonies and music, are accomplished gentlemen. If I have occasion to use those things, I follow the men of former times.

子曰:“先进于礼乐,野人也;后进于礼乐,君子也。如用之,则吾从先进。”

Source: The Analects, Xian Jin XI, Chapter 1

Author: Confucius

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